Glucose disposal agents / Insulino mimetics / Nutrient partitioners

[menphisdaemon]

Molto interessante

[blindevil7]

il problema bros è che, come tu ben saprai, i meccanismi spesso e volentieri sono supposti e non comprovati...

a proposito della berberina l'estratto di cui sopra parla di un effetto persino superiore alla metmorfina

[brosgym]

il problema bros è che, come tu ben saprai, i meccanismi spesso e volentieri sono supposti e non comprovati...

a proposito della berberina l'estratto di cui sopra parla di un effetto persino superiore alla metmorfina

Metformina

Mah! Da verificare meglio......

[mastino83]

Si slinsane è un partitore di nutrienti, ma cmq da un pump non indifferente.(e superiore a molti NO products, ma nn so se è il caso dell'hemavol).
Io non li abbinerei, perrchè potresti usarli separatamente e ottenere benefici sul lungo termine, ma cmq si può fare, dovresti prendere prima l'hemavol a stomako vuoto, aspettare una 40 di minuti poi prendere slin sane e dopo 15-20 minuti i cho.








Mi ha sempre stuzzicato fin dalla sua presentazione, il problema è che in rete, a parte i log sponsorizzati, non si trovano molte recensioni positive, e per quello che costa non voglio rischiare

scusami ancora,
come potrei usarli separatamente ???
thanks

[badlinus87]

scusami ancora,
come potrei usarli separatamente ???
thanks

quello che intendevo io è che se quello che cerchi è solo pump, usa prima l'hemavol, poi quando finisce usi slin sane così se ci metti 1 mese a finire l'hemavol e 1 mese per finire slin sane, avrai un effetto pump per 2 mesi. mentre se li usi insieme nello stesso tempo solo 1

[blindevil7]

Innanzitutto buon contributo però.....

Dei 4 meccanismi proposti
1) alquanto improbabile, al tal proposito leggere la referenza 10 sarebbe utile....
2) possibile ma nel nostro caso serve a poco..
3) possibile ma da provare, mi sembra un pò un giro contorto e basato su un meccanismo patologico
4) forse la più probabile, ma non ci serve....anzi!

Edit leggendo l'abstract della 10, c'è un'attivazione dell'AMPK, anche se sugli amici roditori....certo sono meccanismi che andrebbero valutati....anche per possibili sides...che non conosciamo

e qui sta il problema... ed è anche il motivo per cui imho in certi casi ricercare a tutti costi un dato effetto rimanendo nell'ambito dei supps otc è ben più rischioso che non rivolgersi ad altre categorie di supps ( ), ovviamente sotto stretto controllo e con cognizione di causa

---------- Post added at 23:45:37 ---------- Previous post was at 23:33:11 ----------

Banaba

Mechanisms of banaba extract and corosolic acid
The blood sugar-lowering activity of extracts prepared
from the leaves of banaba has been demonstrated in a
number of animal models and clinical studies, including
normal rats fed high levels of soluble starch [18], alloxandiabetic rats [19,20], male genetically obese-diabetic
(KK-Ay) mice [2]. Hypoglycemic effects of banaba extracts have also been shown in placebo-controlled clinical
trials in subjects with type II diabetes[7] and mild type II
diabetes [8]. Like antidiabetic drugs, several mechanisms
of banaba and corosolic acid, one of components from
banaba extracts on lowering blood glucose levels were
elucidated [6].
(a) Glucose Transport Enhancers
Studies indicate that the majority of antidiabetic constituents so far identified in banaba are glucose transport enhancers [6,21,22]. These substances of great interest for
their potential use as energy tonics for the elderly and as
means to maintain healthy blood glucose [6]. The glucose
transport-enhancing activity of banaba was previously
shown in a group of ellagitannins in the leaves known as
flosin B, lagerstroemin and reginin A [21,22]. Lagerstroemin produced dose-dependent glucose transportactivating activity from concentrations of 0.02 to 0.30mM
[22], and in subsequent studies was shown to possess
multiple insulin-like activities in vitro [21]. The results
suggested that the “insulin-like” glucose transportenhancing activity of “the ellagitannins or their metabolites” was responsible for the blood glucose-lowering activity of banaba reported in studies in diabetic patients
[22].
(b) Insulin-Mimetic (peptide analogs) activity
More recently, it was shown that small molecule components of gallotannins, which along with ellagitannins are
major components of tannic acid, not only hold dosedependent glucose transport-stimulating activity in mouse
pre-adiposcytes, but many of the insulin-mimetic activities found from banaba as well. These small components
were identified as alpha- and beta-pentagalloylglucose (α-
and β-PGG). However, of the two, the alpha form was
clearly the more potent. α- PGG also stimulated translocation of GLUT4 [23], inhibited differentiation of preadipocytes, and targeted the insulin receptor, the latter
helping to explain its various insulin-like activities.
(c) GLUT4 activation
GLUT4 is a protein in muscle and gat cells which transports glucose across plasma membrane, thereby allowing
cells to gain energy and to maintain healthy blood sugar
levels. Physical exercise is widely known to help maintain
healthy glucose metabolism [24,25] in large part because
physical exercise enhances GLUT4 levels in muscles.
Indeed, a long-term high-fat diet has the opposite of lowering their levels [26] and whereas the increase in blood
flow from exercise allows GLUT4 to move into muscle
membranes[5,27].
(d) Alpha-Amylase and Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors
One study found banaba tea inhibited α-amylase activity
by 38% [26] and others have reported that methanol and
water extracts of the leaves inhibit both α-amylase and α-
glucosidase [18]. Both α-amylase and α-glucosidase are
enzymes involved in the digestion of carbohydrates and
allow the accompanying increase in blood glucose levels
following a meal containing starches and sugars. By inhibiting these enzymes, carbohydrate absorption is delayed along with the increase in blood sugar.
[...]
Oral administration of corosolic acid (10 mg/kg) to male
genetically type 2 diabetic (KK-Ay) mice produced a decrease in blood glucose levels which reached statistical
significance only at 4 hours post-administration [6]. The
antidiabetic activity of an extract from the leaves of
Lagerstroemia speciosa has been demonstrated in a randomized clinical trial at daily dosages of 32 and 48mg
(1% corosolic acid) for 2 weeks showed a significant reduction in the blood glucose levels[7].
If we look several mechanisms of banaba and corosolic
acid closely, there are same mechanism with that of
antidibetic drugs. One of isolated six pentacyclic triterpenes from banaba leaves, corosolic acid was shown the
best bioactivity against alpha-glucosidase, contributes
most to the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity [31] and
banaba tea inhibited α-amylase activity by 38%[26]. With
these results, banaba and corosolic acid can be replaced
with Precose and Glyset as alpha-amylase and alphaglucose inhibitors.
Miura et al.[6] reported that corosolic acid induces
GLUT4 translocation onto plasma membrane. Binding of
insulin to receptors on muscle cells leads rapidly to fusion
of those vesicles with the plasma membrane and insertion
of the glucose transporters (GLUT4), thereby giving the
cell an ability to efficiently take up glucose. Thereby, banaba and corosolic acid make the induction of GLUT4
translocation and uptake of glucose into the cells, lowering glucose levels in the blood. Furthermore corosolic
acid stimulates glucose uptake via enhancing insulin receptor phosphorylation [32]. This mechanism can be similarly functioned as pioglitazone (Actos) and rosiglitazone
(Avandia) like insulin sensitizers were shown [14,15].
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F-2,6-BP) plays a critical role
in hepatic glucose output by regulating gluconeogenesis
and glycolysis in the liver. Corosolic acid increased the
production of F-2,6-BP along with a decrease in intracellular levels of cAMP both in the presence and in the absence of forskolin in isolated hepatocytes. Corosolic acid
inhibits gluconeogenesis by increasing the production of
F-2,6-BP by lowering the cAMP level and inhibiting PKA
activity in isolated hepatocytes [33]. These effects on hepatic glucose metabolism may underlie the various antidiabetic actions of corosolic acid. Rosiglitazone (Avandia), pioglitazone (Actos) and metformin (Glucophage)
were shown decreases hepatic glucose production so ba-
naba and corosolic acid surely can be shown good efficacy instead of those current drugs[14,15,16].
Stimulation of insulin receptors is known to cause phophorylation of several proteins on tyrosine residues because this event is an essential for insulin’s action on
downstream signaling molecules. Hattori et al. [1] found
that lagerstroemin induces tyrosine-phosphorylation of
IRβ (insulin receptor). This can be proved that laberstroemin, one of extract fractions from banaba can be
antidibetic drugs such as Metformin which activates directly insulin receptors.
Consequently, Banaba extract contains several bioactive
components including corosolic acid and tannins, including lagerstroemin that act like insulin lowering the blood
sugar in the body. Corosolic acid is a triterpenoid glycoside that improves the cellular uptake of glucose and
thought to stimulate glucose uptake and have insulin-like
activity [3]. This component was observed to be an activator of glucose transport into cells, which ultimately results
in a lowering blood glucose levels. The latter activity is
thought to be secondary to activation of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase or the inhibition of tyrosine phosphatase. Transporting glucose into cells is critical for providing the energy necessary for those cells to carry out
their vital functions.
With many published data, banaba and its extracts could
be functioned on lowering or maintaining blood sugar
levels with different mechanism. Banaba extracts may
play a role in the treatment of diabetes, by affecting factors (such as blood glucose level) that are associated with
the development of diabetes. It also significantly increased insulin sensitivity and GLUT4 translocation, improved hyperglycemia, lowered hepatic lipid contents and
triglycerides. It also acts as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors,
slowing down the absorption of starchy foods from the
intestine, thereby retarding the rise in blood glucose after
meals[34].
Unfortunately, there are no direct applications to evaluate
the mechanism of banaba extract on human subjects,
which can be limited to confirm the mechanism. However,
there are several human studies with banaba extract
[7,8,9,10], which were shown the hypoglycemic effects
and safety for a short and long-term period. It is impossible to speculate the correct effective mechanism in the
human body but the banaba extract surely could be functioned on lowering blood sugar level without adverse effects. Those functions and mechanisms of banaba extracts
mean that banaba will be the best natural antidiabetic
remedy for prevention and treatment of diabetes as natural
gift without any other side-effects shown in current prescribed antidiabetic drugs. Therefore, banaba will be very
promising candidate for future antidiabetic drug market as
ingredients or themselves.
References
1. Hattori K, Sukenobu N, Sasaki T, Takasuga S, Hayashi
T, Kasai R, Yamasaki K, Hazeki O. Activation of insulin receptors by lagerstroemin. J Pharmacol Sci 2003;
93, 69-73.
2. Kakuda T, Sakane I, Takihara T, Ozaki Y, Takeuchi H,
Kuroyanagi M. Hypoglycemic effect of extracts from
Lagerstroemia speciosa L. leaves in genetically diabetic KK-AY mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1996;
60, 204-208.
3. Liu F, Kim J, Li Y, Liu X, Li J, Chen X. An extract of
Lagerstroemia speciosa L. has insulin-like glucose uptake-stimulatory and adipocyte differentiationinhibitory activities in 3T3-L1 cells. J Nutr 2001; 131,
2242-2247.
4. Watson RT, Pessin JE. Bridging the GAP between insulin signaling and GLUT4 translocation. Trends Biochem Sci 2006; 31, 215-222.
5. Zorzano A, Palacin M, Guma A. Mechanisms regulating GLUT4 glucose transporter expression and glucose
transport in skeletal muscle. Acta Physiol Scand 183,
43-58.
6. Miura T, Itoh Y, Kaneko T, Ueda N, Ishida T, Fukushima M, Matsuyama F, Seino Y (2004) Corosolic acid
induces GLUT4 translocation in genetically type 2 diabetic mice. Biol Pharm Bull 27, 1103-1105.
7. Judy WV, Hari SP, Stogsdill WW, Judy JS, Naguib
YMA, Passwater R (2003) Antidiabetic activity of a
standardized extract (Glucosol™) from Lagerstroemia
speciosa leaves in type II diabetics: A dose-dependence
study. J Ethnopharmacol 87, 115-117.
8. Ikeda Y, Chen JT, Matsuda T (1999) Effectiveness and
safety of banabamin tablet containing extract from banaba in patients with mild type 2 diabetes. Japan
Pharmacol Ther 27, 829-835. (Japanese)
9. Ikeda Y, Noguchi M, Kishi S, Masuda K, Kusumoto A,
Zeida M, Abe K, and Kiso Y (2002) Blood glucose
controlling effects and safety on single and long-term
administration on the extract of Banaba leaves. J. Nutr
Food 5, 41-53. (Japanese)
10. Fukushima M, Matsuyama F, Ueda N, Egawa K,
Takemoto J, Kajimoto Y, Yonaha N, Miura T, Kaneko
TT, Nishi Y, Mitsui R, Fujita Y, Yamada Y, Seino Y
(2006) Effect of corosolic acid on postchallenge plasma
glucose levels. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 73, 174-177.
11. Ozkaya O, Yavuz O, Can B, Dilek M, Savli E, Acikgoz
Y, Bedir A, Akpolat T (2010) Effect of rosiglitazone on
cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Ren Fail 32, 368-371.
12. Ng JM, Mellor DD, Masson EA, Allan BJ (2010) Sulphonyurea as a cause of severe hypoglycaemia in the
community. Prim Care Diabetes 4, 61-63.
13. Shah P, Mudaliar S (2010) Pioglitazone: side effect and
safety profile. Expert Opin Drug Saf 9, 347-54.
14. Phillips PJ, Twigg SM (2010) Oral hypoglycaemics - a
review of the evidence. Aust Fam Physician 39, 651-
653.
15. Sundaram A, Anand Moses CR, Ilango S, Seshiah V
(1998) Newer Antidiabetic drugs. Int. J. Diab. Dev.
Countries 18, 24-30.
16. Proks P, Reimann F, Green N, Gribble F, Ashcroft F
(2002) Sulfonylurea stimulation of insulin secretion.
Diabetes 51, S368-376.
17. Bailey CJ (2002) Treating insulin resistance in type 2
diabetes with metformin and thiazolidinediones. Diabetes Obes Metab 7, 675-691.
18. Suzuki Y, Hayashi K, Sakane I, Kakuda T (2001) Effect
and mode of action of banaba (Lagerstroemia speciosa
L) leaf extracts on postprandial blood glucose in rats. J
Japan Soc Nutr Food Sci 54, 131-137.
19. Mishra Y, Khan MSY, Zafar R, Agarwal SS (1990)
Hypoglycemic activity of leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa L Pers. Indian J Pharmacol 22, 174-176.
20. Miyaji N, Kazama M, Ina H, Yamada K, Yamakawa T
(1999) Influence of banaba-kuwa extracted powder on
plasma glucose level in rat. J Trad Med 16, 208-211.
21. Murakami C, Myoga K, Kasai R, Ohtani K, Kurokawa
T, Ishibashi S, Dayrit F, Padolina WG, Yamasaki K
(1993) Screening of plant constituents for effect on
glucose transport activity in Ehrlich ascites tumour
cells. Chem Pharm Bull 41, 2129-2131.
22. Hayashi T, Maruyama H, Kasai R, Hattori K, Takasuga
S, Hazeki O, Yamasaki K, Tanaka T (2002) Ellagitannins from Laegerstromia speciosa as activators of glucose transport in fat cells. Planta Med 68, 173-175.
23. Li Y, Kim J, Li J, Liu F, Liu X, Himmeldirk K, Ren Y,
Wagner TE, Chen X (2005) Natural anti-diabetic compound 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-D-glucopyranose binds
to insulin receptor and activates insulin-mediated glucose transport signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res
Commun 336, 430-437.
24. Holten MK, Zacho M, Gaster M, Juel C, Wojtaszewski
JF, Dela F (2004) Strength training increases insulinmediated glucose uptake, GLUT4 content, and insulin
signaling in skeletal muscle in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 53, 294-305.
25. Short KR, Vittone JL, Bigelow ML, Proctor DN, Rizza
RA, Coenen-Schimke JM, Nair KS (2003) Impact of
aerobic exercise training on age-related changes in insulin sensitivity and muscle oxidative capacity. Diabetes 52, 1888-1896.
26. Hansawasdi C, Kawabata J, Kasai T. α-Amylase inhibitors from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) tea.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000; 64: 1041-1043.
27. Wasserman DH, Ayala JE (2005) Interaction of physiological mechanisms in control of muscle glucose uptake. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 32, 319-323.
28. Nahas R and Moher M. (2009) Complementary and
alternative medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Can Fam Physician. 55, 591-596.
29. Malviya N, Jain S, Malviya S (2010) Antidiabetic potential of medicinal plants. Acta Pol Pharm 67, 113-118.
30. Samad A, Shams MS, Ullah Z, Wais M, Nazish I, Sultana Y, Aqil M (2009) Status of herbal medicines in the
treatment of diabetes: a review. Curr Diabetes Rev 5,
102-111.
31. Toda M, Kawabata J, Kasai T (2001) Inhibitory effects
of ellagi- and gallotannins on rat intestinal α-
glucosidase complexes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 65,
542-547.
32. Shi L, Zhang W, Zhou YY, Zhang YN, Li JY, Hu LH,
Li J (2008) Corosolic acid stimulates glucose uptake
via enhancing insulin receptor phosphorylation. Eur J
Pharmacol 584, 21-29.
33. Yamada K, Hosokawa M, Fujimoto S, Fujiwara H, Fujita Y, Harada N, Yamada C, Fukushima M, Ueda N,
Kaneko T, Matsuyama F, Yamada Y, Seino Y, Inagaki N
(2008) Effect of corosolic acid on gluconeogenesis in
rat liver. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 80, 48-55.
34. Hou W, Li Y, Zhang Q, Wei X, Peng A, Chen L, Wei Y
(2009) Triterpene acids isolated from Lagerstroemia
speciosa leaves as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Phytother Res 23, 614-618.

[brosgym]

Apprezzo molto il contributo di blindevil in quanto sta riportando molti dati scientifici, però voglio ricordarvi due cose:

1) avere effetti ipoglicemizzanti non è automaticamente un bene per chi si allena, ovvero, per un diabetico è prioritario levare il glucosio dal sangue, per noi è importante che non solo quel glucosio vada via da sangue ma che entri nei muscoli, quindi un inibitore delle amilasi, o un attivatore dei PPAR-gamma a noi interessa poco, se il maccanismo è diverso potrebbe interessarci, ad esempio maggiore GLUT-4, ma il trasportatore del glucosio insulino-dipendente è condiviso da muscolo e tessuto adiposo.....in pratica per avere un partitioning vero dovrebbe essere selettivo sul muscolo......il solo disposal potrebbe non servirci, o comunque andrebbe usato con cautela....

[blindevil7]

Apprezzo molto il contributo di blindevil in quanto sta riportando molti dati scientifici, però voglio ricordarvi due cose:

1) avere effetti ipoglicemizzanti non è automaticamente un bene per chi si allena, ovvero, per un diabetico è prioritario levare il glucosio dal sangue, per noi è importante che non solo quel glucosio vada via da sangue ma che entri nei muscoli, quindi un inibitore delle amilasi, o un attivatore dei PPAR-gamma a noi interessa poco, se il maccanismo è diverso potrebbe interessarci, ad esempio maggiore GLUT-4, ma il trasportatore del glucosio insulino-dipendente è condiviso da muscolo e tessuto adiposo.....in pratica per avere un partitioning vero dovrebbe essere selettivo sul muscolo......il solo disposal potrebbe non servirci, o comunque andrebbe usato con cautela....

ma, per quanto ne ho capito ( potrei anche sbagliarmi, beninteso ), un partitioning selettivo, rimanendo tra gli otc, solo per il muscolo non dovrebbe esserci... però si può ottimizzare il tutto, ovviamente per mezzo dell'esercizio fisico

[brosgym]

ma, per quanto ne ho capito ( potrei anche sbagliarmi, beninteso ), un partitioning selettivo, rimanendo tra gli otc, solo per il muscolo non dovrebbe esserci... però si può ottimizzare il tutto, ovviamente per mezzo dell'esercizio fisico

Esatto!

[conv999]

ma, per quanto ne ho capito ( potrei anche sbagliarmi, beninteso ), un partitioning selettivo, rimanendo tra gli otc, solo per il muscolo non dovrebbe esserci... però si può ottimizzare il tutto, ovviamente per mezzo dell'esercizio fisico

I agreeeee.
Infatti dubito esista qualcosa anche tra i supplement proposti che "tolga" il glugosio dal sangue (rendendoci Ipoglicemici in tal finestra temporale) e lo "dirotti" preferibilmente nel tessuto muscolare (e non nel tessuto adiposo).
Per lo meno tal fantomatico supplement dovrebbe arrivare ad agire temporalmente nel momento in cui i carbo ingeriti (che aumentano la concentrazione di glucosio ne sangue in maniera piu o meno marcata) trovino una condizione FAVOREVOLE al partizionamento volto maggiormente al muscolo.
Quale miglior momento per il glut4 piu facilmente attaccato al tessuto muscolo scheletrico che dopo l'allenamento?
Ora gia questo avviene anche SENZA il glugose disposal di turno. Bisognerebbe vedere se tal glucose disposal insulino-mimetico /partitoner aiuti tali frangente .

Francamente volendo trovare due situazioni opposte vedrei:
1-Assunzione del magico "pillolone" ben pubblicizzato come "Glucose disposal / insulino-mimetico / nutrient partitoner" in situazione di eccedenza calorica generalizzata, in situazione di sedentarietà e poco o nullo allenamento + successiva abbuffata di Carbo . Tale "pillolone" non ci aiuterebbe (anzi temo che peggiori le cose).
2-Buona dieta, leggera deplezione di glicogeno a livello muscolare, allenamento intenso. Appena prima del Post WO(prettamente glucidico) vedrei bene e non peggiorativo e/o controindicato l'uso del "glucose disposal insulino-mimetico /partitoner".
Io personalmente in situazione 2, col solo ALA e saltuariamente in congiunzione di Cromo Picolinato ho SEMPRE notato maggior pienezza muscolare e aspetto meno "puffy" il giorno seguente al carico glucidico post WO e al pasto (sempre altamente glucidico) successivo al post WO.
-Bepi-

[Luigi 87]

Io ora assumo più di 350gr di carboidrati nell'arco delle 6 ore post-workout, in tre pasti di cui uno semi-liquido (sono in I.F.), vorrei proprio provare uno di questi prodotti per constatare personalmente eventuali differenze... ammesso che funzionino bene, probabilmente sarei più avantaggiato rispetto a chi fa i canonici 5 pasti...

Però sicuramnete non lo prenderei immediatamente post-workout ma prima dei due big-meal successivi

[blindevil7]

riporto il titolo

Methotrexate Increases Skeletal Muscle GLUT4 Expression and Improves Metabolic Control in Experimental Diabetes


rimanendo con i piedi per terra

Effect of oral creatine supplementation on human muscle GLUT4 protein content after immobilization.

Op 't Eijnde B, Ursø B, Richter EA, Greenhaff PL, Hespel P.
Source

Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Exercise Physiology and Biomechanics Laboratory, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral creatine supplementation on muscle GLUT4 protein content and total creatine and glycogen content during muscle disuse and subsequent training. A double-blind placebo-controlled trial was performed with 22 young healthy volunteers. The right leg of each subject was immobilized using a cast for 2 weeks, after which subjects participated in a 10-week heavy resistance training program involving the knee-extensor muscles (three sessions per week). Half of the subjects received creatine monohydrate supplements (20 g daily during the immobilization period and 15 and 5 g daily during the first 3 and the last 7 weeks of rehabilitation training, respectively), whereas the other 11 subjects ingested placebo (maltodextrine). Muscle GLUT4 protein content and glycogen and total creatine concentrations were assayed in needle biopsy samples from the vastus lateralis muscle before and after immobilization and after 3 and 10 weeks of training. Immobilization decreased GLUT4 in the placebo group (-20%, P < 0.05), but not in the creatine group (+9% NS). Glycogen and total creatine were unchanged in both groups during the immobilization period. In the placebo group, during training, GLUT4 was normalized, and glycogen and total creatine were stable. Conversely, in the creatine group, GLUT4 increased by approximately 40% (P < 0.05) during rehabilitation. Muscle glycogen and total creatine levels were higher in the creatine group after 3 weeks of rehabilitation (P < 0.05), but not after 10 weeks of rehabilitation. We concluded that 1) oral creatine supplementation offsets the decline in muscle GLUT4 protein content that occurs during immobilization, and 2) oral creatine supplementation increases GLUT4 protein content during subsequent rehabilitation training in healthy subjects.

PMID: 11147785 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]


relativamente al cromo


Chromium (D-phenylalanine)₃Supplementation Alters Glucose Disposal, Insulin Signaling, and Glucose Transporter-4 Membrane Translocation in Insulin-Resistant Mice^1–3

• [*=left]Feng Dong⁴,
  [*=left]Machender Reddy Kandadi⁴,⁵,
  [*=left]Jun Ren, and
  [*=left]Nair Sreejayan^*

Next Section
Abstract

Chromium has gained popularity as a nutritional supplement for diabetic and insulin-resistant subjects. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of a novel chromium complex of D-phenylalanine [Cr(D-phe)₃] in insulin-resistant, sucrose-fed mice. Whole-body insulin resistance was generated in FVB mice by 9 wk of sucrose feeding, following which they were randomly assigned to be unsupplemented (S group) or to receive oral Cr(D-phe)₃in drinking water (SCr group) at a dose of 45 μg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹ (∼3.8 μg of elemental chromium·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹). A control group (C) did not consume sucrose and was not supplemented. Sucrose-fed mice had an elevated serum insulin concentration compared with controls and this was significantly lower in sucrose-fed mice that received Cr(D-phe)₃, which did not differ from controls. Impaired glucose tolerance in sucrose-fed mice, evidenced by the poor glucose disposal rate following an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, was significantly improved in mice receiving Cr(D-phe)₃. Chromium supplementation significantly enhanced insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and membrane-associated glucose transporter-4 in skeletal muscles of sucrose-fed mice. In cultured adipocytes rendered insulin resistant by chronic exposure to high concentrations of glucose and insulin, Cr(D-phe)₃ augmented Akt phosphorylation and glucose uptake. These results indicate that dietary supplementation with Cr(D-phe)₃ may have potential beneficial effects in insulin-resistant, prediabetic conditions.


relativamente a quest'ultimo studio ho evidenziato quanto detto sinora, ossia che questi prodotti di solito stimolano l'uptake tanto a livello muscolare quanto a livello adiposo, tuttavia nello studio si parla di adipociti resi INSULINO-RESISTENTI, condizione lontana da quella di chi di solito potrebbe usare questi prodotti nell'ambito di una programmazione integrativa ad hoc e di uno stile di vita che difficilmente porta a tale stato pre-patologico... quindi non mi sembrerebbe male come supp... a voi la parola

[gianlu9292]

Esatto!

bros ma il K-R-ALA quando andrebbe assunto? subito prima del past va bene?grazie

[mr oat]

Qua a giorni esce questo prodotto (posto gli ingredienti):

80% 4-OH Isoleucine (from Fenugreek)45 mg**
10% Momordin Bitter Melon Extract50 mg**
Banaba 1%100 mg**
Gymnema Sylvestre 75%200 mg**
Norvaline 100 mg**

Il nome!!!

[Miller]

Slintensity (Southland ?) dovrebbe essere