Ci provo

[Claudio69]

Avrei intenzione di iniziare una dieta chetogenica, qualche volenteroso, che la segue o l'ha seguita, potrebbe postarmene una per un bambino di 180 x 92 kg
Non ho idea come articolare il tutto.

Grazie.

[phoenix]

Eccola:COLAZIONE

1) 4 UOVA SODE O FRITTE CON BURRO O OLIO 100 GR. BELPAESE
2) 100 GR. TACCHINO 2 UOVA SODE MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
3) 4 UOVA SODE O FRITTE CON BURRO O OLIO 30 GR. ARACHIDI(5.4)
4) 150 GR. PROSCIUTTO COTTO MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
5) 4 UOVA SODE O FRITTE CON BURRO O OLIO 30 GR. NOCCIOLE (4.7)
6) 150 GR. PROSCIUTTO CRUDO 100 GR. BELPAESE
7) 100 GR. PROSCIUTTO COTTO 2 UOVA SODE 30 GR. NOCCIOLE (4.7)
8) 2 UOVA SODE O FRITTE CON BURRO O OLIO 100 GR. PARMIGIANO

SPUNTINI

1) 100 GR. TACCHINO 2 UOVA SODE MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
2) 150 GR. SALMONE AFFU. 30 GR. ARACHIDI(5.4)
3) 150 GR. SALMONE AFFU. 60 GR. NOCCIOLE(9.4)
4) 2 SCATOLE TONNO ALL’OLIO MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
5) 150 GR. PROSCIUTTO CRUDO 2 UOVA SODE MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
6) 150 GR. PROSCIUTTO COTTO 30 GR. ARACHIDI (5.4)
7) 1 SCATOLA TONNO ALL’OLIO 1 UOVO SODO MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI

PRANZO-CENA

1) 1 BISTECCA 100 GR. LATTUGA (2.8) OLIO OLIVA
2) 200 GR. POLLO 100 GR. RADICCHIO(4.6) MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
3) 150 GR. TACCHINO 100 GR. POMODORI 100 GR. LATTUGA (2.8) MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
4) 1 BISTECCA 100 GR. SVIZZERO (2.1) OLIO OLIVA 30 GR. ARACHIDI (5.4)
5) 200 GR. SALMONE AFFU. 100 GR. POMODORI(4.2) OLIO OLIVA
6) 150 GR. PROSCIUTTO CRUDO 100 GR. BROCCOLI (4.8) OLIO OLIVA
7) 150 GR. PROSCIUTTO COTTO 200 GR. ZUCCA (3.7) BURRO O OLIO OLIVA
8) 200 GR. CARNA MACINATA GRASSA 100 GR. CAVOLFIORE (4.6) MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
9) 200 GR. SALMONE AFFU. 100 GR. LATTUGA OLIO OLIVA
10) 200 GR. CHEDDAR (4.2) 2 UOVA SODE MAIONESE
11) 150 GR. PETTO TACCHINO 100 GR. POMODORI (4.2) OLIO E MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
12) 200 GR. BEL PAESE 100 GR. LATTUGA (2.8) 50 GR. RADICCHIO (2.3) OLIO OLIVA
13) 150 GR. PARMIGIANO 2 UOVA SODE 30 GR. NOCCIOLE (4.7)
14) 200 GR. CARNE MACINATA GRASSA 100 GR. LATTUGA OLIO E MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
15) 200 GR. GALBANINO 100 GR. POMODORI (4.2) MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI
16) 1 BISTECCA 100 GR. GALBANINO OLIO E MAIONESE QUANTO VUOI


I numeri tra parentesi sono i grammi di carbo contenuti, cerca di non superare mai i 15/20 gr. al giorno, poi compra i test per l'acetone e se vuoi fare alla perfezione integra con FASH FICTOR OIL,CROMO PICOLINATO,LECITINA DI SOIA e CARNITINA.
Fai due settimane così poi ne riparliamo se vuoi fare la ricarica dei carboidrati.
CIAO

[Claudio69]

Grande!
Mi butto subito.
Ti farò sapere.

Ciao.

[Gawain]

Sono davvero curioso di sapere i tuoi risultati.
Io ho provato questo tipo di dieta in quest' estate, ma mi ha dato problemi di nausea. Mi ha tirato come non mai, ma ho perso anche un po' di massa muscolare.
Ti ricordo che per affrontarla bisogna avere due palle come un toro!

Facci sapere come va..

[Leve corte]

Potete essere più chiari?
Purtoppo non ho idea di come si segue la dieta chetogena.
Un riassuntino no?......
Grazie mille a chi volesse rispondermi.

[Leve corte]

Scusate......Chetogenica!
Ho appena finito di allenarmi..mi capite vero?

[kaio]

Ma come fate a calcolare le calorie da assumere in base al vostro peso corporeo???
(Quale equazione?)

[Nasser]

hi

faccio la dieta chetogenica da quasi 10 settimane...wow...perdo grasso,ma il peso corporeo scende di poco ed ho un forza...ho raggiunto i livelli che avevo a dicembre quando ero su AAS...

mi nutro principalmente di carne rossa pesce..(carni bianche non le sopporto piu brrrrr) formaggio uova noci...davanti alla tv anziche mandar giu un pacco di biscotti ..mi sgranocchio un salame..buono...adoro questa dieta...mai avuto problemi di alcuna sorta...anche se ogni tanto la voglia di un pezzo di pane ce..

nasser

[RIBOSIO]

IO CONSIGLIO (AI NATURAL ) LA DIETA CHETOGENICA CON PREVALENZA DI GRASSI INSATURI OMEGA 3 6 9 , CARNITINA , CAFFEINA E TERMOGENICI , EVITATE DI ABBUFFARVI CON GRASSI SATURI , SALAMI E COTECHINI , CERCATE DI RISPETTARE IL CORPO , ANCHE PERCHE DI PER SE E' UNA DIETA TOSSICA PER L'ELAVATA TRANSAMINAZIONE DEI CORPI CHETONICI E DELLE PROTEINE CHE PORTANO AD ACCUMULARE UREA E SCORIE NELLE URINE .
P.S Bevete almeno 7 litri ai acqua al giorno

[Animal]

Io sconsiglio a chiunque miri ad un'alta definizione e un mantenimento del volume sia la dieta chetogenica,sia la dieta a zona sia l'ABCDE.Il motivo base:tra i pro non le usa nessuno!!!

[lo zar]

chi mi spiega i pro e i contro della dieta chetogena?
sono interessato però vorrei prima informarmi bene.....
esiste qualche sito(possibilmente in italiano che parli di questa dieta?)
CIAO LO ZAR

[Gawain]

There are a great number of myths associated with the low carb
diet. Many authoritative sources have indicated the public must
consume a diet which is 60% carbohydrate, 15% protein and 25% fat for
optimal health and performance. Carbohydrates are considered the
primary fuel source by the body and those who have achieved degrees in
institutions of higher learning would like us to believe that dietary
carbohydrates are of such importance that without them, we won't
survive, or if we do, we'll be so unhealthy we'll wish we were dead.
I'm here to tell you these ideas are only partially true and when they
reach scare status, with the exception of the very few, they are very
wrong.

NORMAL CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM

Let's look at what happens when carbohydrates, the typical primary
energy source, are nearly removed or greatly reduced. This is where
dietitians start to panic and illinformed medical professionals start
to cry because they've forgotten their biochemistry from way back
when.

First, let me paint a very clear picture of what type of low
carbohydrate diet I'm about to describe. This diet is considered
extreme and compared to the typical U.S.D.A. Food Guide Pyramid, is
extreme. Typical dietary intake on this low carbohydrate diet will
contain carbohydrates at no greater than 5% of dietary intake, fats at
approximately 55% of dietary intake and protein at 40% of dietary
intake. This diet will herein be called the ketogenic (producing
ketones) diet and you'll see why later.

I am going to so briefly describe the basic metabolism of food that
it will upset some, cause a great sigh of relief from others but in
the end, will hopefully provide just enough information to help you
understand how food is processed and why we can live on a ketogenic
diet for intermittent periods, with energy, vitality and weight loss.
I do not recommend the diet for weight gain and I'll discuss why in
the end.

When we eat a meal, typically consisting of some carbohydrates
(sugars), lipids (fats) and proteins (amino acids), digestion begins
in the mouth. Enzymes begin ripping apart the carbohydrates in the
mouth and when the food hits the stomach more acids and enzymes begin
ripping apart the proteins and fats. The food then passes into the
small intestine where it is further digested and absorbed into the
blood stream for transport to body tissues. That which is not
absorbed and remains unused is passed further to the large intestine
and finally is defecated.

Let's briefly cover what happens specifically with carbohydrates
during digestion. Remember, carbohydrates start to digest in the
mouth and are further digested in the stomach and small intestine.
When they are finally absorbed via the small intestine all
carbohydrates circulate in the blood as glucose. This means that
whether you consume carbohydrates from bread, fruit, vegetables, pasta
or candy the various usable sugars eventually are dismantled into
plain old glucose. When glucose is plentiful, such as when a person
is eating the typical high carbohydrate diet described in the
beginning, the body will use glucose preferentially as a fuel to
produce energy (ATP). This means that fats (stored or dietary) are
not a major fuel source when following the typical high carbohydrate
diet. Major organs use glucose and so do our muscles when
carbohydrates are the major source of energy. Pretty convenient how
the body does that isn't it? You should also know that carbohydrates
yield about 4 calories per gram.


GLUCOSE AND INSULIN INTERACTION

When glucose enters the blood the pancreas is signaled to release a
hormone called insulin. Insulin's primary function is to keep glucose
levels from soaring too high. If glucose was left unchecked, the body
would enter a very unhealthy metabolic state of hyperglycemia after
eating a high carbohydrate meal. Therefore insulin prevents this
condition from occurring, among many other functions. One other
action which insulin exerts is fatty acid synthesis (making fats) and
storage. Simply stated, when insulin levels are high, such as a 2-4
hours after a high carbohydrate meal, you stand a greater chance of
storing fat and a lessor chance of lipolysis (breaking down fat).

TYPE II DIABETICS: A PERFECT METABOLIC CONDITION FOR OBESITY

Untreated type II diabetics are walking examples of what continual
high blood glucose and subsequent high insulin levels can do to the
body. This disease literally makes you fat! Untreated type II
diabetics almost always have high glucose/insulin levels because their
body is not functioning optimally and insulin is doing a very poor job
of removing glucose from the blood. Glucose levels remain high. The
body is signaled to release more insulin. It doesn't do it's job very
well so glucose and/or insulin levels remain high. The body is
signaled to secrete more insulin and the vicious cycle continues on
and on. Many overweight individuals (literally millions of Americans)
are type II diabetics and don't know it. What they do know is they
can't seem to reduce bodyfat no matter how hard they try.

A very important point to understand at this point, is that it is very
well established that when insulin levels are high, the body stores
fat quite easily and may convert carbohydrates or proteins into
adipose (stored fat). Also, lipolysis (dissolving fat) is nearly
blocked in the presence of insulin.

STARVATION VERSUS THE KETOGENIC DIET-CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM

Now that some very basic carbohydrate metabolism has been covered
I'll address the issue of starvation/fasting versus the ketogenic
diet. The two conditions are relentlessly compared because there are
some similarities between the two. There are some striking
differences, however, which can't be ignored. During normal periods
of fasting (2-6 hours i.e., in between meals) the body will secrete
glucagon, another hormone but considered the opposite of insulin.
Glucagon will break down stored glycogen at the liver, increasing
blood glucose so we have glucose to fuel major organs, such as the
brain, kidneys, small intestine and muscles. This process occurs
everyday and is a part of normal physiology for most Americans who
aren't eating constantly. After 12-36 hours of fasting, however, we
will run out of stored glycogen at the liver. When this occurs during
a fast some deleterious effects occur such as severe muscle wasting
because the body will begin mobilizing body proteins to make glucose
until adjustment has occurred to the fast. Once adjustment has
occurred, (usually within a two week period or less) the body will
reduce the use of precious body proteins and rely on high levels of
fat burning and ketone bodies as fuel sources. Ketone body production
occurs as a direct result of mobilizing and burning large amounts of
fatty acids for fuel. Hence, the ketogenic diet. When stored body
fat and body proteins have run out, or become so low the body can't
function properly, (about a week for a normally lean person) they die.


A very fat person may be able to live for months, however, with only
water and a vitamin/mineral supplement. (Don't even think about it!
This is very unhealthy!)

It might not be obvious at this point but one major difference
between a ketogenic diet and starvation is FOOD! With a ketogenic
diet you're not starving and are eating a plentiful diet. One reason
the body begins mobilizing body proteins to make glucose, during
starvation, is because there are NO dietary proteins to use. There's
no food! The body still uses noncarbohydrate sources, like amino
acids from proteins, to make glucose (called gluconeogenesis) during a
ketogenic diet but a greater proportion of the protein used to make
glucose can be provided by the diet, instead of muscle and other
cellular proteins. Thus, muscle wasting, a real concern for someone
starving, is much less of an issue for someone following the ketogenic
diet. A period of adjustment may still follow initial startup of a
ketogenic diet and some muscle proteins may be sacrificed for a few
days to a week but dietary proteins will be plentiful and will be used
for gluconeogenesis.

STARVATION VERSUS KETOGENIC DIETING-FAT AND PROTEIN METABOLISM

I've made the distinction between starvation and the ketogenic diet
with respect to protein for gluconeogenesis but what about fats?
During starvation the body uses adipose (stored body fat) as its major
fuel source after the adjustment period. It also uses ketone bodies,
which are acidic byproducts of very high levels of fatty acid
oxidation (burning fats for fuels). Both fatty acids and ketone
bodies are used preferentially over glucose as energy sources during
starvation.

During a ketogenic diet the body doesn't solely rely on stored body
fat and ketone bodies as the primary fuel sources. It will also rely
on dietary fats as well. Once again, a major difference between
starvation and the ketogenic diet. It is also for this reason that
one cannot eat unlimited calories with a ketogenic diet and expect to
lose weight. The body will use dietary fats as a primary fuel source
along with the subsequent ketone bodies from oxidation of dietary fats
and then will use adipose only if calories are below those needed to
maintain current body weight.

If calories are kept at just below maintenance, and you are
following a ketogenic diet, the body is forced to begin a fat
dissolving state called lipolysis. Simply stated, we are breaking
down adipose and using the fatty acids as an energy source. Not only
is lipolysis activated, it is now the primary energy source with other
physiological mechanisms stepping up to allow normal and efficient
operation of our everyday lives while following a ketogenic diet.
Most reading this and wanting to lose weight have a tremendous store
of energy in the form of fat just waiting to be used. The typical
fuel reserves in a young, adult male amount to about 90,000 to 110,000
calories of energy. In contrast, the carbohydrate energy reserve is
about 2% of this total, or approximately 2000 calories.

THE BODY'S INHERENT NEED FOR GLUCOSE

But what about the body's inherent need for glucose? Doesn't the
brain need glucose to function? Yes, the body does have a need for
glucose and as I briefly stated earlier, glucose can be made within
the body from noncarbohyrate sources such as amino acids. This is
called gluconeogenesis. Additionally, the Cori cycle and the
Glucose-Alanine cycle are pathways that ensure critical glucose will
be available for the organs that absolutely require it. We will not
cover those cycles in this article. Suffice it to say that they are
very efficient cycles for the body to preserve glucose levels so they
don't fall too low when dietary carbohydrates are nonexistent (such as
during starvation) or very low with the ketogenic diet. Let's not
forget that we're eating with a ketogenic diet, and at least a small
part of our diet (5%) is derived from carbohydrates, which ultimately
ends up as circulating glucose.

FATS BECOME THE PRIMARY ENERGY SOURCE

Probably the most feared but greatest asset a ketogenic diet has on
its side is the fact that when the diet is not rich in carbohydrates
the body relies on them less as an energy source. This is called the
glucose-fatty acid cycle. It basically says that when glucose is low
and fatty acids are high glucose needs will be less. Isn't the body a
wonderful machine? When carbohydrates were plentiful it used them as
the primary energy source. Now that fats are the primary energy source
the body uses them preferentially over carbohydrates. Simply amazing!

One question you're all thinking relates to how we can possibly
lose weight eating 55% of our calories as fat. The greatest answer is
that carbohydrates are no longer the primary energy source-fats are.
Doesn't fat make you fat? Let me give you a law you can use forever.

**Dietary fat doesn't make people fat. Excessive calories, a lack of
activity, metabolic disease or combination of any two or more of these
factors make people fat**

If you stopped reading right there and based any diet you use on this
law you would know everything you need to know to lose weight and stay
lean. Since dietary fat doesn't make us fat we need not fear a
relatively high fat diet, as long as calories are controlled for age,
lean mass and activity.

KETOACIDOSIS- IS THERE NEED FOR CONCERN?

At this point the naysayers are hoping I'll forget about the
metabolic condition called ketoacidosis so they can show their friends
and whine about how the ketogenic diet is really a killer and how
anyone who even remotely suggests it's an alternative diet is also a
killer and a lunatic. Sorry, you don't get your wish. Ketoacidosis is
a condition in which ketone bodies are created in such large
quantities that they literally make the blood more acidic. When this
happens a series of events occur which may cause impairment of organ
function and eventual death. It is a very real concern for diabetics
who are insulin dependent because they are missing a natural feedback
mechanism to prevent excessive ketone body formation. For them, or
any other person with any condition being treated by a physician, this
diet should only be implemented with physician assistance and
guidance.

For normally healthy, nondiabetic individuals, there is always some
insulin present in the blood. Always! As you mobilize more fat for
energy, ketone production rises. When ketone production reaches a
particular threshold, however, insulin is released by the pancreas
(even in the absence of dietary carbohydrate) which slows the
mobilization of fats and subsequently reduces the number of ketone
bodies produced. Insulin is believed to keep ketone body production
in check. Because this is so, those individuals who possess the
natural ability to secrete insulin from the pancreas, will not allow
ketones to be produced in such excess that the blood becomes acidic.
The body also has several buffering systems in place which react
quickly to changes in the pH of the blood. These systems are highly
effective and minimize potential changes in blood pH. Therefore,
ketoacidosis is not a condition experienced by adults with normal
pancreatic function and who are otherwise healthy, even on a ketogenic
diet. If this were the case we'd have a lot of dead bodybuilders and
dieters on our hands right now who have used the ketogenic diet with
positive results.

HIGH CHOLESTEROL- IS THERE NEED FOR CONCERN?

The same naysayers who hoped I'd shut up a page ago before the
ketoacidosis section, are now pointing a finger and saying that with
all that fat in the diet we're going to have cholesterol levels
shooting through the roof. Wrong! First of all, if foods are chosen
wisely, the source of dietary fat is given due consideration, and the
person using the ketogenic diet is also reducing calories and losing
weight, I can almost 100% guarantee that cholesterol will drop or at
the worst, remain the same. Triglycerides (another factor being given
weight with respect to cardiovascular disease) will fall
substantially. Good cholesterol may also go up, which is a positive
factor for reducing cardiovascular disease risk. I hope I've kept this
article somewhat readable so far and I'm not going to change course
and go into the dozen or so studies which prove my point but they are
readily available for anyone wanting to do some digging.

KETOGENIC DIETING AND ATHLETES

If, by using the ketogenic diet, we've created a fat burning
machine that will still function perfectly fine, will make and
preserve necessary glucose, will not store fat easily and won't raise
cholesterol, what else could there possibly be to say about the diet
and why isn't everyone using it? The first point to address is using
the ketogenic diet along with weightlifting or other exercise. While
we've created a fat furnace of sorts and the body functions optimally
during daily activities, muscles need glucose and/or stored glycogen
to be at their very best. This is why we must incorporate a period of
carbohydrate loading to refill or even overfill muscle glycogen stores
so they have the energy needed to function optimally. If you're not
exercising this carbohydrate loading period is not necessary. But if
you're not exercising, you're also not following my recommendations
for proper weight loss.

Earlier I stated that liver glycogen stores are gone in 12-36 hours
after beginning the ketogenic diet. Muscle, however, retains its
stored glycogen, even after liver glycogen is gone. This is great!
With liver glycogen gone we use fatty acids and ketone bodies as fuels
and muscle retains glycogen for physical activity. One problem. When
we hammer our muscles in the gym on a daily basis, the glycogen in
them also gets used up and because our dietary carbohydrates are so
low the glycogen isn't replaced to proper, maximally optimal levels.
This is where the carbohydrate loading comes in.

THE CARB LOAD

Very simply, we follow a ketogenic diet for 5 1/2 days per week and
for the remaining 1 1/2 days we eat a typical high carbohydrate diet.
During the 1 1/2 days of high carbohydrate eating our muscles will
supercompensate with glycogen and while we're also causing liver
glycogen to refill and insulin to be secreted like crazy, this 36 hour
period is not long enough for the body to store any appreciable fat.
What did I just say? I said you can go nuts for 36 hours a week after
5 1/2 days of watching calories and eating a ketogenic diet, without
any fear of getting fat because of it. And as an actual survivor and
thriver on this diet I can tell you that those 36 hours are absolutely
great! Eat carbs like there's no tomorrow and don't worry about
calories but don't exceed 36 hours or you'll start laying down fat
like crazy.

Here's what I do when I'm on the ketogenic diet.

Sunday through Friday at lunch I keep my calories at 2000 (10 times my
body weight) per day. At supper on Friday I start my carb up, right
after my workout (if your workout doesn't fall on Friday don't sweat
it). I then eat a grand total of approximately 2000 additional
calories above my daily goal of 2000 calories for a total of 4000
calories on Friday. On Saturday I consume approximately 5500 calories
with carbohydrates making up approximately 60-70% of my dietary
intake. When I wake up Sunday I go right back to the ketogenic diet.

It takes time for the body to refill the muscle with glycogen but
by Sunday night or Monday morning my muscles feel pumped and full. My
best performance in the gym is between Sunday and Thursday of every
week. Makes sense doesn't it? As I go through workout after workout
between Sunday and Thursday I use up muscle glycogen. By Friday my
workouts are suffering, just in time to refill again come Friday
night!

WHY DID I USE THE KETOGENIC DIET AND WHAT HAPPENED?

I started the ketogenic diet because I was bored with low fat
foods. I was sick to death of them actually. I had been eating low
fat for about a year and missed the higher fat foods that I believed
were totally taboo. (We'll talk about my current diet in an upcoming
issue.) I had reduced my bodyfat to 12% from 24% but I wanted to see
7%. I didn't feel I could reduce my calories any further and stay
with low fat foods so I decided to give the diet a try after speaking
with a true ketogenic diet guru, Jeffrey Krabbe, who has more
knowledge of the diet than anyone I know, including Atkins,
Dipasquale, Duchaine or any other alleged low carb diet guru. Jeff,
along with coauthor Lyle McDonald are still writing a book which will
undoubtedly be the best ketogenic diet book every written, if it ever
gets done. It should have been done in March, was going to be done in
September and we are now hoping for an early 1998 press time.

By simply reducing calories and eating more low fat foods I did
reduce my bodyfat from 24% to 12%. I then used the ketogenic diet to
reduce my bodyfat from 12% to the 7% you see in the photos of me I've
included for this article. Was it a miracle? No. Was I able to eat
as many calories as I wanted and still reduce the bodyfat? No. Was I
able to break the monotony and eat some foods I consider delicious and
missed very badly? Yes! Did I lose weight eating high fat, low
carbohydrate foods? You decide.

It works ladies and gentlemen. I believe it's an alternative that
can be used to break up boring cycles of low fat chicken and tuna with
generous helpings of fat free this and fat free that as the mainstays.


At the time I started the ketogenic diet low fat foods were enough to
make me puke.

With all of this said I will briefly state that I believe some
supplements are warranted on this diet. I will then conclude with my
general recommendations and guidelines for anyone wanting to follow
the ketogenic diet.

SUPPLEMENTS

A basic multivitamin and mineral supplement is warranted due to the
lack of breads, cereals, grains, fruits and some vegetables for 5 1/2
days per week.

I also recommend Fibersol by Twinlab because of the lack of dietary
fiber that low carbohydrate foods possess. Fibersol is a
carbohydrate-free soluble fiber. Even if you want to forget all the
healthy benefits of a high fiber diet, at least know that it may be
very unhealthy and unpleasant to not have at least one bowel movement
per day. If you don't supplement with fiber you may not have a
movement for 3-4 days. That's way too long.

I still used creatine monohydrate every day at 10 grams per day.

I used vanadyl sulfate at 45 milligrams starting Friday at supper and
then took 90 milligrams spreadout Saturday in three divided doses.

During the week I used Optimum's egg protein or a whey protein as a
midmorning, midafternoon or bedtime snack.

I never took more than two protein shakes per day. They were only a
sweet snack I craved and as you can see from the dietary list I used,
protein intake was not a problem. That's also a benefit for
weightlifters using this diet. Protein intake is naturally, very
high.

I used a product like The Stack by ISP Nutrition for a preworkout
energy boost

I supplemented each of my protein shakes with 2 tablespoons of
Barleans Omega Twin Flax and Borage oil. What a great source of
essential fatty acids. They're polyunsaturated too.

Although not a supplement, I cannot suggest or recommend highly
enough, that you consume at least 1 gallon of water every day. That's
plain old water. Not pop or coffee. With a higher protein intake and
because ketone bodies act as a natural diuretic, you'll urinate more.
This can cause mild states of dehydration that could cause some
not-so-mild performance problems in the gym if you don't replace the
water lost.

Ketostix were purchased to monitor urinary ketone levels and to
determine when ketosis was established each week. (Must be purchased
at a drug store. Ketostix measure some ketone bodies in the urine.
Presence of ketone bodies in the urine indicates fat is being utilized
as the major fuel source while following the ketogenic diet. Check it
at different times of the day. You may not show ketones at all times.


All you want to see is a trace i.e., very light purple. It's not a
matter of the darker the better!) Read the directions with the
package.

SUGGESTIONS

Don't whine and complain about the restrictiveness of the diet. It's
only temporary and like anything worth having, will only work with
fortitude and dedication. Don't use this diet for quick weight gain
which is likely to be fat. The calories consumed for gaining weight
will nearly necessitate that the saturated fat and cholesterol intake
on a daily basis will be too high for any margin of safety or health.

Eat about 8-10 times your body weight in total calories per day.

Exercise vigorously for at least 3 times per week.


WHO MIGHT USE THIS DIET?

Dieting bodybuilders in precontest dieting phases, up to 12 weeks in
duration

Strength phase athletes who want to incorporate more meat and
potentially more testosterone production without a weight gain for
maintenance of lean mass and strength while dieting

Type II diabetics (non-insulin dependent) with medical supervision

Anyone who is otherwise healthy, but overweight, and not happy with
the mirror may try this diet for 12 weeks but after giving the diet a
12 week run should eventually bring at least 100-200 grams of
carbohydrates back into the daily diet.

WHAT TO EXPECT:

Initially expect a feeling of mental unclarity for a few days. Not
serious, but noticeable. This is normally only experienced during the
first few days of the first week only.

Expect a feeling of less energy for the first week (during
adaptation) but some may experience no less energy or an increase in
energy.

Expect carbohydrate cravings like crazy for the first three weeks.
You will raid the cupboards come Friday night and all day Saturday
during carb up. After three weeks, however, my cravings were very
much reduced and I could have taken them or left them. I took them
for my muscles' sake.

Expect great workouts after a week or two of adjustment, for the
days of Sunday through Thursday. Expect not so great workouts on
Friday afternoon through Saturday afternoon. Glycogen is depleted in
the muscle by then and hasn't had time to replenish yet.

Expect to urinate more frequently.

Expect a weight fluctuation of between 3 and 10 pounds per week due
to water loss. Every molecule of glycogen has 4 molecules of water
attached to it. As you lose glycogen from the liver and muscle during
the week you will see a weight loss but it's not primarily fat.

Expect a weight gain by Sunday or Monday. During your first week
or two you may even be heavier on these days than when you started.
This is due to glycogen supercompensation occurring within the muscle.


You will literally store up to 50% more glycogen than normal.
Remember the glycogen-water issue.

Expect your friends and family to whine and snivel about your new
diet and tell you how you're an idiot and are going to die from it.
Most have never heard the word "ketone", much less spell it.

Expect any one you know, in the medical field, to shun it, condemn
it and repeat what your friends said. They've forgotten biochemistry
and think that everyone will end up like a type I diabetic. Ask them
for studies which showed a ketogenic diet raised cholesterol or was
shown to be unhealthy in humans. They'll talk plenty about typical
unhealthy diets where carbohydrates AND fats are high but not about
diets where carbohydrates are kept at 5% of dietary intake. Don't
miss this distinction.

Expect it will take no less effort then any other diet where weight
loss is the goal. It's not easy. It's simply an alternative that
works.

Expect that you will have to monitor calories for success, as all
successful weight loss plans require.


There are over one million questions left unanswered in this
article but you now have the basic tools to decide if the diet is for
you or not. The upcoming book will answer the other million questions
and will provide a much more detailed picture of various low carb
diets, exercise and supplementation. As soon as it becomes available
you'll be the first to know. In the meantime please write me if you
have any questions specific to your individual needs. I've done 4
cycles of the ketogenic diet at between 8 and 12 weeks each time.
It's always a nice break from the S.O.S.

[phoenix]

An introduction to the ketogenic diet

The ketogenic diet is a high fat diet which appears to benefit some people with epilepsy, particularly children. It is not a magic cure and is just one alternative to the various anti-epileptic drugs. The ketogenic diet may offer the advantages of more benign side effects and reduced impact on the mental development of children.
The ketogenic diet is often regarded as a difficult regime; however, with some care and a basic understanding of what the diet aims to achieve, it can be reduced to a readily manageable routine. The basic aim is to switch the primary fuel used by the body from carbohydrates (like bread and sugar) to fats; this is done by increasing the intake of fats and greatly reducing the intake of carbohydrates. The difficulty is that the level of carbohydrates must be very low, and the temptation of a single sweet can upset the diet for a small child.
A typical meal might include fish and green vegetables with a mayonnaise sauce followed by fresh fruit with lashings of cream, or bacon and eggs followed by coffee and yet more cream - so the diet is not as bad as you might have feared. There are a number of variants of the diet; in the US, a very high ratio of fats to carbohydrates is maintained, together with a low total calorie and fluid intake; in the UK it has been usual to adopt a more relaxed regime, supplemented by MCT oil (an extract from coconuts).
The reason why the ketogenic diet should reduce the level of fits is not understood; indeed many aspects of the ketogenic diet are less science and rather more black magic, and there is a need for more research into the subject.
But isn't fat bad for you? . . .
Fats have had a bad press on the dietary front for many years. Diets (to reduce weight, that is) are based on a low fat content, many "healthy" foods are advertised with a low fat content, cholesterol kills. . .
The reality is a whole lot more complex. What makes people fat is not fats, but too many calories. Fats have an important role to play in nutritional health. Even cholesterol is not as bad as people believe. The role of fats and their dietary importance is discussed fully in the section Understanding the ketogenic diet. For the moment, be reassured, the high fat content of the ketogenic diet is not harmful, even if it may sometimes be indigestible.
Historical perspective
The ketogenic diet is not a new treatment. There is even a reference to fasting as a cure for fits in the Bible. Other early attempts at a diet for epilepsy include salt restriction, protein restriction, acid-ash diets and dehydration.
The first scientific study on fasting for the treatment of epilepsy was done in France in 1910; this reported that fits stopped during absolute fasting. Later, other investigators observed cessation of fits and improvement in mental activity during starvation. These results prompted the use of a high fat - low carbohydrate diet in 1921 by Wilder at the Mayo Clinic, although he was trying to prolong the state of ketosis in diabetics. At about the same time, Howland and Gamble at the Johns Hopkins Department of Pediatrics, observed that "prayer and a water diet which involved starvation for three to four weeks" reduced the fits of the nephew of a professor of paediatrics. They decided to investigate the diet because they thought prayer alone was ineffective. Others like Lennox and Cobb at Harvard University also started to study the ketogenic diet.
By 1924, Peterman at the Mayo Clinic was using the diet largely in its present form, and the treatment became widely used in the 1930s. After the second world war, Livingston at Johns Hopkins studied almost one thousand patients using the ketogenic diet and reported excellent fit control. But subsequently, interest in the ketogenic diet declined as the newer anti-epileptic drugs were introduced.
By the end of the 1980's, interest in the diet was revived by John Freeman at Johns Hopkins, who reported a study in 1992 showing that the diet produced complete fit control in 30% of children with previously uncontrollable fits, and that an additional 38% showed marked improvement .
One of the children treated successfully by the Johns Hopkins team was Charlie Abrahams. In gratitude, his parents have created the Charlie Foundation which has given widespread publicity to the diet, in part by making available a free video tape.
For a recent perspective on the ketogenic diet, see The Ketogenic Diet: 1997 by Traci Swink, Eileen Vining and John Freeman.
How does the ketogenic diet work?
The food we eat provides the fuel used by our bodies for everyday activities; it also provides the raw materials to manufacture and replenish the body itself. Unlike the motor car, which can only run on petrol, our bodies are designed to use a variety of fuels, as they are available.
The three main types of fuel for the body are carbohydrates, fats and protein. Carbohydrates are things like sugars, starch and flour which come mostly from plants. Fats come in two broad types - saturated fats, like butter, which mostly come from animals and unsaturated fats, like corn oil, which mostly come from plants. Finally, protein comes mainly from animals and is represented by meat and fish. The preceding is a broad generalisation and there are many variations - nuts, for example, have about equal amounts of carbohydrates and protein.
All the fuels work in the same way. They undergo a chemical reaction with the oxygen we breathe, and this releases energy for use in the body and creates waste products including carbon dioxide and water. This is just the same reaction that happens with petrol in a car, or when we have a fire and burn coal or wood. The body is far more efficient, and the food metabolises (oxidises) at body temperatures, whereas the petrol in a car or the wood for a fire will only burn (oxidise) when they are raised to a very high temperature.
The three fuels are used by the body in different ways. The fuel of preference is carbohydrate, and the body will use up its store of carbohydrate before using other fuels. Carbohydrates are quick acting - athletes take glucose tablets to provide energy - typically carbohydrates will be used within a few hours of eating, which is why we eat so frequently. By contrast, the primary role of fats is to store energy - animals fatten up to prepare for the rigor of winter. The body normally tries to store the fats we eat, but will use them as fuel if there is not enough available from carbohydrates; first it will use the fats in the food, and if these are insufficient it will start to deplete the fat storage in our body tissue. Fats metabolise more slowly and typically it will take a day or so for the fat content of food to be used. That is why we feel full after a fatty meal, and why it really is a good thing to line to stomach with milk before drinking - the fat slows down the metabolism of the alcohol. The third fuel, protein, is primarily used to build and replenish body materials; it is only metabolised as a last resort, and its use indicates the body is in serious trouble.
In a normal diet, the proportion of the three fuels that is used will be about 15%+/-5% protein, 30%+/-5% fats and 55%+/-10% carbohydrates; if there is any excess it will be wasted by the body, in order to maintain the correct ratios, so that it is not necessary to be all that precise about the food we eat. In the ketogenic diet, the proportion of fats is raised and the proportion of carbohydrate and protein is reduced. It is also necessary to control the total intake of food, since if the body is given excess, it will discard the fats preferentially, in an attempt to get back to its preferred balance of fuels; by restricting the total fuel intake, the body is forced to use fats in place of carbohydrates.
In normal operation, the human body converts the various fuels into glucose, which is the preferred fuel for use in individual cells. If there is insufficient fuel, then this pattern changes. First the body burns any glucose stored as glycogen, and then it burns body fat; it also burns protein from muscle tissue specifically to provide glucose for use in the brain. As fasting continues, the pattern changes again, and the brain starts to use ketones manufactured from body fat instead of the glucose manufactured from muscle tissue as its source of fuel. It is this change which appears central to the success of the ketogenic diet. When the change occurs the body is said to be in ketosis and some of the ketones are excreted and can be detected in the urine. Ketones are just another class of organic chemicals; the simplest and most widely known is acetone which has a very recognisable smell and is used as a solvent in dry cleaning and glues.
The ketogenic diet mimics the effect of fasting by denying the body the carbohydrate it requires to metabolise normally. It may take as long as a week for the body to switch into ketosis after starting the diet. Ketosis is readily recognised, because the ketones that are excreted in the urine can be detected by a simple test; ketosis can also be recognised by the characteristic acetone smell in the breath or the urine.
It appears that the prophylactic properties of the ketogenic diet build up with time and it may be several weeks before the full effects of ketosis are achieved. There is often a similar pattern when the ketogenic diet is stopped, the effects of the diet persisting for several weeks.
While ketosis may help reduce fits, it has other less desirable effects. Ketosis will increase the acidity of the blood, and can reduce appetite; there may also be some continued loss of protein from muscle tissue.
So, the reason why the ketogenic diet works is that it induces a state of ketosis - but why that should have a beneficial effect on fits is not understood.
Who can use the diet?
The diet has mostly been used for children aged between one and six years. The reasons for this seem to be practical - the diet is seen to be difficult to implement with smaller children, and difficult to maintain with older children, given the temptations of more interesting foods. However, this may be changing; there has been a trend towards using the diet on even younger children, while its use is also being considered for older children and for adults.
Studies on the use of the diet report success rates comparable with most forms of drug treatment: about 50% of patients show a marked improvement (reduction of fits by 50% or more), 25% show a slight improvement and 25% experience nothing or an adverse effect. These results are surprisingly good given two factors:
 Compared with pill popping, the diet is more difficult to maintain, so some proportion of the failures must be failures in the implementation of the diet.
 The diet is most often used as a last resort and on the most intractable cases.
There are no indications that the diet is more effective for some types of fits than others, although it may be more easy to administer when fits are more frequent.
Comments from some satisfied customers
 "Keaton has been on the diet for about 8 months and we have seen a positive effect on his progress. He does much better on days when he is in high ketosis then when he is not"
 "Megan has had one seizure since the start of the diet in May 1996. She is now walking and starting to talk. This is the greatest improvement we have experienced."
 "His seizures now are far less frequent, and less severe than previously."
 "We have never seen seizure control like we are having right now in Nichole's life. We are hopeful that it will continue and that she will develop normal."
 "Kameron will be one year SEIZURE FREE July 16, 1996 and on June 14, 1996, he will be four months DRUG FREE!!!"
 "When Brian was on the diet we finally got to meet him, he was seizure free for the first time in his life."
 "Great program! Stopped five anti-epileptic drugs. 3/95 to present"
Of course, these comments are anecdotal, and there are many others who have not benefited from the diet in the same way.
So, what is the diet?
There are a number of variant diets. The classical 4 to 1 diet contains four times as much fat as carbohydrate plus protein. (For comparison, in a normal diet there is less than half as much fat as carbohydrate plus protein.) As well as maintaining this ratio, the total energy intake is restricted to about three quarters of the normal, and liquid intake may also be controlled.
The diet is normally introduced by a period of hospitalisation. Prior to going to hospital, the victim is starved for 12 hours. On entry to hospital, a reference EEG will be taken, and the child continues to fast. By the next day, ketosis should be achieved, and the diet will start at one third of the recommended calorie (fuel) intake. On day four the calorie intake will be increased to two thirds the recommended level, and on day five the full intake will be achieved. Providing there are no complications the child will then be discharged. Meanwhile during the period of hospitalisation a suitable diet will have been designed and the parents will have been briefed on its operation.
In variants of the diet, the ratio of fat to carbohydrate plus protein may be reduced below 4 to 1, to 3.5 to 1 or 3 to 1, or it may be increased to as much as 5 to 1. Typically the lower ratios are used with younger children. Also, once the diet is in operation successfully, the ratio may be reduced over time as far as possible, providing the beneficial results continue.
A much more significant variant is the MCT oil diet. MCT stand for medium chain triglycerides, which are a particular type of saturated fat found in coconut oil. MCT oil is one of the wonder ingredients of the nineties, being used by athletes to improve their performance. MCT oil is special because although it is a fat, it metabolises quickly, like carbohydrate. It does this because it can pass directly though the intestinal wall into the portal blood system and thence to the liver where it is metabolised, instead of having to go via the lymphatic system like longer chain fats. The advantage of using MCT oil is that the diet can achieve a similar energy production balance to a normal diet, but can still deliver the necessary ketones. In the typical MCT diet, the proportions will be 35% fat, 35% MCT oil, 20% carbohydrate and 10% protein (a 2.3:1 ratio). Also, the total calorie intake is set at the normal level, rather than three quarters of normal, so the MCT diet is far less rigorous than the classical diet. There does not seem to be any very clear rationale for these variations from the classical diet, except the pragmatic one that it is claimed they work, although this claim is hotly disputed.

Return to The ketogenic diet

(updated: .g01 26 May 1998)
(reviewed: .g01 26 May 1998)
The ketogenic diet is not a diet

The ketogenic diet is much more than a diet. It will only be a success if this is understood by the key players in your team.Each of them has a role to play, and it is important that they understand what that should be.
The neurologist
The neurologist needs to be committed to the diet. This means that he must recognise that the diet is a medical treatment in which he should be actively involved. He should have at least as much knowledge about the operation and side effects of the diet as he would have about the anti-epileptic drugs that he uses. Ask him about the diet - does he know what the major side effects are? Does he know what deficiencies the diet can cause? Can he tell you why MCT oil is special? Does he know that the diet may amplify the effect of the anti-epileptic drugs currently being taken? Too many neurologists think the diet is something to be administered by a dietician, and that all they need to do is to prescribe the diet and leave the rest to the dietician. That is not good enough.
The dietician
The ketogenic diet is unlike any other. It demands total precision in terms of calculation and measurement of food. It is extreme in terms of the balance of fat, carbohydrate and protein. These are not things to which dieticians are normally accustomed. If you have a dietician with good training and experience in the ketogenic diet, that can be a wonderful asset. If you don't, then be warned, you may have problems.
These are the things your dietician should not be doing:
 Deciding on the type of diet and the ratio to be used. Your neurologist must have the understanding and competence to make these judgements. If he does not, then you have the wrong team.
 Designing individual meals for you. You know the food your child likes and you are the best person to manage the details of the diet.
The dietician does have an important role to play, and these are some of the things that your dietician should be doing:
 Advising you on the consequences of such an extreme change in the balance of food intake and the ways to manage such a high fat content.
 Advising you on the potential dietary deficiencies that will be caused by the ketogenic diet, and telling you what symptoms to look out for.
 Ensuring that you have a complete set of supplements to compensate for the deficiencies caused by the diet.
You
The diet will only work if you are totally committed to it. Your role is crucial, because you. are the one person who who monitors the operation of the diet on a daily basis. Its success is dependent on your observation powers, your creativity and your commitment. Here are some of the things to do:
 Design meal plans that you keto kid will like - why should he have to eat things he doesn't like?
 Keep accurate records of the operation of the diet and the progress of the keto kid.
 Monitor the operation of the diet accurately, and adjust (fine tune) the diet to operate in the optimum way for your keto kid.
 Watch out for side effects and deficiencies.
 Above all, fight for your child. No one has his interests at heart in the way you do. Question your neurologist, argue with you dietician. Present the facts and make your case. Also, remember that your medical team is overstretched; they will not remember the details that you know by heart. Be patient, help them to help you. And never take no for an answer.
The keto kid
The keto kid may be the last on the list, but he is just as important as the others. To be successful, the keto kid must want the diet to work. That means enlisting his enthusiasm, and involving him as much as possible. It means designing a diet that he likes - what are his favourite foods? how can they be brought into the diet? - you know what he likes, and it is up to you to ensure that the diet is interesting and palatable for him. It means listening to what he says - if he doesn't want the food, there will be a reason - usually a good reason. If he is sick or unwell, there will be a reason - perhaps the balance of the diet is not right, perhaps there is a supplement that is needed. Sometimes, listening is difficult - babies and children with difficulties cannot tell you directly what they want, but they can still express what they want in a hundred subtle ways - it is up to you to understand their need.
All this may make the ketogenic diet sound difficult - it isn't, but it does need you care and attention. The rewards will be worth the effort.

[phoenix]

Per il momento ho da aggiungere due cose:
Secondo me è più indicata per brevi periodi di definizione (2mesi max) che non per la massa.
Inoltre credo che la caffeina non sia indicata perchè può avere uno stimolo troppo alto per l'insulina, al massimo la si può prendere nella ricarica settimanale.
Per quanto riguarda l'appunto di Animal, forse hai ragione ma se dovrssimo non fare tutto quello che fanno i pro, o peggio fare tutto quello che fanno.....

[phoenix]

Io l'ho provata e vi posso assicurare che qualche risultato lo si ottieni soprattutto in questi termini in ordine di risultati (aspetto conferme da NASSER):
1)FORZA
2)DEFINIZIONE
3)MASSA MAGRA
per quanto riguarda gli effetti sulla salute, direi che bisognerebbe avere dei dati maggiormente a lungo termine, io non ho avuto nessun tipo di problema e i test sui chetoni erano positivi.
Ho perso in meno di 20 giorni 2 cm. di vita (e non è che sono una botte, quindi ha una certa valenza) ma solo 0.5 kg. di peso,senza nessuna perdita di massa visibile e come dicevo prima una forza mai avuta prima.
Non è molto facile da seguire per determinati palati ma a me andava alla grande(BEL PAESE,UOVA INTERE,BURRO,SALUMI)e a chiunque abbia già una certa esperienza e conoscenza del proprio fisico la consiglio vivamente.